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"February 24, 1592 Pope Gregory XIII established the Gregorian Calendar via a Pappel Bull, the primary calendar used in the world today and the calendar underlying international commerce.
The new calendar went into effect on October 4, 1582. It would not be until 1752 that it became the official calendar throughout most of Europe and the colonies.
The Julian Calendar, which the world was using, was created by Julius Cesar. It had a problem though. It wasn’t accurate. Every year it was off by 11.5 minutes. Over the course of centuries, 11 minutes per year can add up. The Julian Calendar has 13 fewer days than the Gregorian and doesn’t follow a complete solar rotation of the earth.
The Gregorian calendar addressed this issue and split time into two eras: before the birth of Jesus Christ (BC) and after the nativity (AD). Of course non-Christian religions didn’t like this so they changed it to Before the Common Era and Common Era. No matter what you call it, the demarcation point is still the same: the Birth of Jesus Christ.
The Julian Calendar is still used by Orthodox Christians as their religious calendar, which is why you’ll find two different celebrations of Easter and Christmas each year. Other religions use their own calendars, most of which follow the movements of the sun, moon and/or stars. These calendars are shorter than the Gregorian Calendar, which is now the international standard.
The oldest calendar in the world is the Byzantine Calendar, which has been marking time over the past 7,500+ years."
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