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NATIONAL CORN MONTH:
HIGHLIGHTING A GLOBAL STAPLE ROOTED IN ANCIENT TRADITION
This is an unofficial month. The official and sponsored National Corn Month is in October.
Corn, or maize, is one of the world’s most versatile and widely grown crops. Its history stretches back over 9,000 years when early farmers in southern Mexico began domesticating a wild grass called teosinte. Through centuries of careful cultivation, corn evolved into the plump, golden kernels recognized today, becoming a cornerstone of agriculture, cuisine, and industry worldwide.
Corn cultivation originated in the Balsas River Valley of modern-day Mexico around 7000 BCE. Indigenous peoples across the Americas refined and bred it for size, color, and flavor, eventually introducing it to regions as far north as Canada and south as the Andes. Corn quickly became a global commodity when European explorers arrived in the Americas in the late 15th century. By the 16th century, it had taken root across Europe, Africa, and Asia, often replacing less productive grains in subsistence farming systems.
Today, there are over 300 known varieties of corn, typically grouped into six main types:
—Dent corn: used in processed foods and livestock feed
—Flint corn: known for its hardness, often used in Latin American cuisine
—Sweet corn: the soft, juicy kernels eaten as a vegetable
—Popcorn: a special flint corn that expands when heated
—Flour corn: used in baking and tortillas
—Pod corn: a rare, mostly ornamental variety
Corn is a key ingredient in many everyday foods. The top seven products that prominently feature corn (listed by popularity) are:
—Cornbread
—Tortillas
—Popcorn
—Cornflakes
—Polenta
—High-fructose corn syrup (used in soft drinks and processed foods)
—Corn chips
Beyond food, corn plays an outsized role in global economies. It is essential in producing ethanol fuel, bioplastics, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals, animal feed, and industrial starches. Its adaptability and productivity make it one of the most valuable crops in the world.
Corn is grown on every continent except Antarctica. Ranking of the top producers of corn globally:
—United States – by far the largest, producing over 30% of the world’s supply
—China
—Brazil
—Argentina
—Ukraine
—India
—Mexico
Born of ancient Mesoamerican civilizations, corn forms the backbone of modern agribusiness. It remains a symbol of ingenuity and sustenance. Corn’s importance extends well beyond nutrition. It supports entire economies, provides renewable energy, and even helps make the packaging and fabrics we use daily. As climate pressures mount and food systems evolve, corn’s adaptability may again prove vital in feeding and fueling the world.
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