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The Six-Day War continues to resonate as a foundational event creating the current facts in Israel. It marks the beginning of the complete military occupation of the West Bank, Gaza Strip, and the Golan Heights, occupations that continue today via containment, siege, and direct interference with the added strategic tools of massive walls, no man's land, home demolitions, checkpoints, targeted strikes using missiles, tanks, bulldozers, naval and aircraft, a two-tiered legal system, Jewish only colonies, and Jewish only roads throughout the occupied land.
The Six-Day War was a stunning military victory for the Israeli army. On that, everyone agrees. Historians have since removed the idealized thinking surrounding this event, the chief being that the state of Israel was under imminent threat of attack and needed to strike first. It was not.
In reality, back-channel talks occurred between the United States and Egypt over the Sinai, the portions conquered by Israel in 1967. Egypt would regain the Sinai between 1973 and 1981. Israel continues to control the Gaza Strip, West Bank, and Golan Heights, each of which is an Occupied Territory under International Law.
The Six-Day War was a strategic operation to expand Israel's land holdings (referred to by the settler movement as Erez Israel) and military supremacy in the Middle East. The West Bank is home to one of the largest aquifers in the Middle East, and the Gaza Strip sits atop natural gas reserves. The result of the Six-Day War is the ongoing and expanding occupation.
There are several excellent books written in the past decades that benefit from declassified historical documents on this issue:
Ilan Pappe's "The Ethnic Cleansing of Palestine"
Benny Morris' "The Birth of the Palestinian Refugee Problem Revisited"
Jimmy Carter's "Peace, not Apartheid."
David Hirst's "Gun and the Olive Branch: The Roots of Violence in the Middle East."
Rashid Khalid's "The Iron Cage: The Story of the Palestinian Struggle for Statehood."
Tom Segev's "1967: Israel, the War, and the Year that Transformed the Middle East."
The First part of Prof. Ilan Pappe's lecture on the Ethnic Cleansing of Palestine is below. The 40-minute four-part series is viewable here: http://www.youtube.com/user/ilanpappevideos.
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