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About the Irish Potato Famine
Civil Rights , Safety & Security
United Kingdom & Ireland
Ends: Sep 09, 2024
DESCRIPTION:
What would become known as the Great Irish Famine was first reported on this day, September 9, 1845, in the Dublin Evening Post.
A fungus destroyed over 30% of the potato crop in Ireland in the first year, in 1845. However, this was not a one-year event. In 1846, 1848, and 1849, nearly the entire crop succumbed to disease, starving the nation of its most basic food. Over 1 million people died, and another 1.5 million emigrated to the United States, Canada, and Australia.
The Great Potato Famine became one of the largest waves of immigration from a single nation in history for each destination. By the time of the US Census in 1850, 40% of all foreign-born residents in the United States were Irish. The crisis abated in 1852, mainly because so many people had died or left.
Though the fungus was responsible for the initial crop destruction, politics and greed prolonged it for years. Ireland is a fertile country, and crops of barley and oats continued to grow. Livestock continued to thrive, and these products were exported for more money than they could bring locally, leaving the Irish people without food and the landowners, who were English, wealthier.
The Great Potato Famine ignited the growing animosity between Ireland and England. In its wake, a determined resistance and independence movement arose, resulting in the island's division. Ultimately, the struggle spanned over a century ending with the Good Friday Agreement of 1998. Today, Northern Ireland is part of the United Kingdom, and the Irish Republic is a sovereign nation.
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