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Labour Day in Australia is a National Holiday, but it is a bit complicated as each territory has its own day to celebrate, which can occur in March, May and/or October.
Labour Day represents the international celebration of organized labour and was conceived first in North America. A conference of American and Canadian unions in 1884 declared May 1, 1886, as a day of strike action in support of the 8-hour day. In Chicago, a crowd of 80,000 workers were attacked by police. Six workers were gunned down. In subsequent protests another 11 workers were killed. A further seven workers were arrested, of whom four were hanged, and a fifth killed himself to cheat the noose. Two others received life sentences.
In Australia, the " Sydney Morning Herald” reported in 1890 that in Vienna the wealthy business owners and elites were so unnerved by worker support for May Day that they were placing their valuables in the custody of banks.
Two years earlier, Australian workers rallied to the cause of British dockworkers during the famous 'Dockers strike' of 1888. Of $48,000 contributed from overseas, more than $30,000 was sent by Australian workers.
In 1891 squatters in Queensland determined to break the 'Shearers union' employed scab labour. The Shearers truck and the Queensland government sent in police and armed troops to arrest strikers and put them in goal.
The call for an International May Day call was only partly heeded due to ideological splits in the trade union movement. May Day since, has gathered in strength in Australia and is now part of the worldwide celebration.
However, Australia's territories also maintain their own state supported Labour Day.
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