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Caviar is a food immediately associated with luxury and exquisite taste.
First developed in Persia (Iran), the salted delicacy of sturgeon fish eggs (only sturgeon eggs can be caviar) gained popularity with the Czars of Russia in the 12th century. By the 1500s, the nobility of Europe took to the delicacy. Sensing an opportunity, Russians began importing the luxury item in the mid-nineteenth century.
The sought-after garnish catapulted to popularity when Henry Schacht opened the first caviar business in the US using Delaware River sturgeon rather than Caspian Sea sturgeon. The United States quickly ascended to the number two producer of caviar in the world. Bartenders would even offer it free, as its saltiness made people drink more.
Free caviar came to a dramatic halt in 1910 when the North American sturgeon was nearly extinct due to overfishing. Suddenly the salty bartender's primer became a costly luxury item and a mark of status in the United States.
Several decades later, Iranian and Russian caviar faced a similar fate. In 1988, due to pollution and over-fishing, Caspian sturgeon found themselves on the endangered species list.
Currently, affordable caviar is farm-raised in the US, Russia, Iran, and elsewhere. Wild caviar from the Caspian Sea maintains a premium, whether from Russia or Iran.
Today is the day to tip your toast to the little fish egg garnish considered culinary gold and the lessons learned from the near extinction of the sturgeon due to greed.
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