All - Leep Calendar

June 5, 1963, is the anniversary of an uprising in Iran, referred to as the 15th of Khordad. Iranian historians and the people point to this event as the beginning of the Islamic Revolution. The event began with a speech by Imam Seyed Ruhollah Musavi Khomeini, who would go on to lead the opposition to the repressive monarchy. He would later be known to the West as Ayatollah Khomeini. His speech exposed the back-channel collusion between the Pahlavi regime and the state of Israel. Angered by the disclosure, the people rose in protest. Agents of the government intervened, arresting and killing several of the protesters. The actions of the 15th of Khordad were the first time the people openly challenged the much-hated regime. Khomeini would lead the revolutionaries and ultimately depose the Shah in 1979. That deposition ushered in the current Iranian Republic, headed by an Ayatollah and governed by a President. The 15th of Khordad is a national holiday in Iran.

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Jun

24 Hours of Le Mans (FR): June 11-15 (est)

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The 24 Hours of Le Mans in France is part of the Triple Crown of Motorsports, which includes the Indianapolis 500 and the Monaco Grand Prix. It is the longest-running (first held in 1923) active sports car race in the category of endurance racing and is considered one of the most prestigious automobile races in the world.

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Jun

Aboriginal Day, Ntl. (CA): June 21

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The growing movement for Aboriginal rights in Canadian led to calls for greater recognition of the contributions of Aboriginal peoples to Canadian society. Shortly after the adoption of the Canadian Charter of Rights and Freedoms in 1982, the National Indian Brotherhood, the leading body representing First Nations in Canada, called for the creation of a yearly "National Aboriginal Solidarity Day" on June 21. Pressure for a national day of recognition continued to grow during the following decade as new ways were sought to bridge the divide between Aboriginal peoples and Canadians, especially in the wake of the 1990 Oka Crisis. In 1995, the Royal Commission on Aboriginal Peoples recommended a "National First Peoples Day" to focus on Aboriginal peoples' history, achievements, and contributions in Canada. Later that year, during the Sacred Assembly, Elijah Harper repeated the call for a national holiday to celebrate the contributions of Aboriginal peoples was made. On June 13, 1996, after considerable consultation with Aboriginal organizations, June 21 was officially declared National Aboriginal Day.

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Jun

Aboriginal History Month, Ntl. (CA): June

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Since 2009, June has been National Aboriginal History Month in Canada. June 21 is set aside each year as a day to honor the culture and contributions of native Canadians. Often referred to as the First Nations, including the Inuit and Métis tribes. Royal Proclamation of 1763 is the foundational document and agreement between the First Nations people and the Crown. It laid the basis for Canada's territorial evolution. Concurrently The Treaty of Paris in 1763 ended more than 150 years of European competition and conflict in Canada. France ceded its colonial territories to Britain, becoming the primary European power in most of North America. The Spanish Empire extended into California, Arizona, New Mexico, and Texas. France maintained its hold until 1803 of what would later be called the Louisiana Purchase. The First Nations comprise six geographical Groups: Woodland: Living in the boreal forest in the eastern part of the country; Iroquoian: inhabited the southernmost area Plains: Dwelling in the grasslands of the Prairies; Plateau: Ranging from the semi-desert conditions in the south to high mountains in the north; Pacific Coast: Living in the coastal regions of British Columbia Mackenzie and Yukon River Basins: Inhabiting the northern areas adjacent to Alaska. The history of the First Nations people and Canada is quite lengthy. A summary is here: http://www.aadnc-aandc.gc.ca/eng/1307460755710/1307460872523

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Jun

Accordion Awareness Month, Ntl. (1822): June

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National Accordion Awareness Month was established in 1989 by Tom Torriglia to help spread the word about the resurgence in the accordion's popularity. At times referred to as a "squeeze box," the accordion has been around since 1822 and made its way to the New World with German immigrants in the 1880s. Most people are familiar with the accordion in polka, classical Italian, and Texano music. For these genres, it is a staple instrument. However, depending on who is playing it, it can sometimes be confused for a harpsichord, piano, or even a string section. The three videos below will allow you to listen to three very different-sounding accordions played by masters. Accordion music has three main styles: diatonic, chromatic, and keyboard. Diatonic accordions have one, two, or three rows of buttons. Chromatic Accordions have buttons for keys. Keyboard accordions have a piano keyboard on one side and buttons on the other. Accordion enthusiasts include: Lucy Liu—Actress "Elementary," "Ally McBeal," and "Charlie's Angeles" Ross Perot—Presidential Candidate and Industrialist James Stewart—Actor in "It's a Wonderful Life" and "Mr. Smith Goes to Washington" Tony Lavelli—Basketball player for the Boston Celtics John Smoltz—Baseball pitcher for the Atlanta Braves Deborah Norville—Journalist, NBC Today Show And since 1990, the piano accordion has been the official musical instrument of San Francisco, California.

Africa

Jun

Acne Awareness Month, Ntl.: June

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National Acne Awareness Month focuses on self-esteem, one of the most common skin conditions in the United States, affecting more than 40 million Americans. An estimated 40 percent of adolescents experience acne and acne scarring to such a degree that treatment by a dermatologist becomes necessary. Psychological and social implications for those with acne scars affect self-confidence and self-image. This month is about raising awareness of the solutions for acne and acne scarring while providing emotional support to those battling the social stigma and issues of acne.

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Jun

Adopt-a-Cat Month (AHA): June

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Each spring during “kitten season,” thousands of newborn kittens join millions of cats already in shelters nationwide. That means your local shelter has a bounty of cute, cuddly newborns, in addition to all the mellow, older cats and everything in between. This month is about raising awareness of cats and kittens in need of forever homes and the need to spay and neuter to prevent over-populations. Special programs help you adopt your first cat — or bring home a friend for another beloved feline! National Adopt-a-Cat Month is one of two sponsored Adopt-a-Cat Months in June. The Humane Society of the United States and the American Humane Association champion adoption months in June.

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Jun

Adopt-a-Shelter Cat Month (ASPCA): June

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une is ASPCA's National Adopt-a-Shelter Cat Month. The ASPCA hosts several events, including cute cat video contests, summer programs for youth volunteers, and low-cost adoptions. Cats are ideal for single people and apartment dwellers as they tend to be independent and, unlike dogs, don't need to be walked several times a day. Felines can be left alone for a weekend with food and water and take care of themselves. See the ASPCA's Feline-alities matching pet personality matching service to find the perfect cat for you. http://www.aspca.org/adopt/meet-your-match/meet-feline-alities PREVIEW OF FELINE-ALITIES THE ASPCA has classified cats into the following personality categories. See if you can spot yours! PRIVATE INVESTIGATOR "I'm working undercover to keep an eye on you and your household. You may not even know you're under surveillance, and I can vanish into thin air if anyone or anything interferes with my investigation. If you need a cat who knows how to stay out of trouble and will always keep your secrets, I just might take your case." SECRET ADMIRER "When it comes to relationships, I'm very level-headed, and I don't leap in paws first, if you know what I mean. But give me a little time, and then I'll shower you with purrs, head-butts, and plenty of lap time. In the meantime, you may not see much of me, but I'll think a lot of you!" LOVE BUG "Do you seek affection? I do! If you also like petting, purrs, and paws kneading your lap, I think we might have a LOT in common. I'm looking for "someone who enjoys quiet times and togetherness." Could that someone be you?" THE EXECUTIVE "I have to say, I'm a busy cat. First, I've got to check out what's happening out the window. Next, I'll see if any closets or cupboards need looking into. And then there are my naps—can't be late for those. I can fit a little socializing into my schedule. Shall we plan on breakfast and dinner? I hope you like kibbles." SIDEKICK "Like all sidekicks, I'm just plain good company. I like attention, and I also like my solitude. I don't go looking for trouble, but I'm no scaredy-cat, either. If you are looking for a steady companion to travel with you on the road of life, look no further." PERSONAL ASSISTANT "You're working on the computer? Let me press the keys. Reading the paper? I'll hold the pages down for you. Watching TV? I'll just plop in your lap so you can pet me. I love an orderly household, don't you? I'll help you with all your chores, and I'll help you relax when we're done. You'll wonder how you ever managed without me." MOST VALUABLE PUSSYCAT (MVP) "I'm a savvy cat who knows the score, and I'm pretty unflappable, too. I don't mind entertaining myself, but a human companion at the other end of the couch and a nice scratch behind the ears always make my day. If you're looking for a resourceful addition to your team, think about signing this Most Valuable Pussycat." PARTY ANIMAL "I'm a cat on a mission: PARTY! I love to play and explore and test my limits. I'd love to play with you, but I can make a toy out of anything: pencils, post-it notes, potatoes. If you're looking for some laughs and someone to liven up the party, think about inviting me." LEADER OF THE BAND "I'm a cat who does everything in a big way. I not only like to be in the middle of things—I like to lead the parade. I'm an adventurous cat, but I'll still spend time showing you my affectionate side. I'm the demonstrative type, you might say. Want a cat who's brimming with confidence? That's me." To understand the science behind this ASPCA program, check out Feline-ality 101: http://www.aspca.org/adopt/meet-your-match/feline-ality-101

Africa

Jun

Africa Cup of Nations (AFCON)(MO): June 14 - July 14 (est)

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THE AFRICA CUP OF NATIONS In a journey through the annals of African football, the Africa Cup of Nations stands as a towering monument to the continent's passion and prowess in the sport. Created in 1957, it emerged as a tournament and a symbol of unity and competitive spirit among African nations. The inaugural event, hosted by Sudan, was a modest affair compared to the grandeur it commands today. With only three participating countries - Egypt, Sudan, and Ethiopia - Egypt won the first edition, setting the stage for what would become Africa's premier football competition. The Africa Cup of Nations, often abbreviated as AFCON, began as the continent experienced significant political and social transformation. Many countries were on the cusp of independence, and there was a burgeoning sense of pan-Africanism. This tournament served a dual purpose: a celebration of football and an act of unity among nations shaking off the shackles of colonialism. Played every two years, AFCON is not just about crowning the champions of African football. It's a festival that brings together nations, showcasing their unique cultures and identities through their teams and fans. The competition has grown in scale and popularity, with an increasing number of teams participating and a global audience tuning in. Historically, the tournament has been a launching pad for African players, showcasing their talents internationally and often leading to careers in Europe's top leagues. Legends of the game like Samuel Eto'o, Didier Drogba, and Yaya Touré have all shone brightly at AFCON, etching their names into the fabric of the tournament's rich history. Beyond the glitz of the games, AFCON has often mirrored its host nations' social and political climates. It has been played amid political upheavals and social unrest, and at times, it has been a unifying force, bridging divides and bringing people together in celebration of a shared love for football. As AFCON continues to evolve, it remains a testament to Africa's enduring love for football, a sport that transcends boundaries and unites a diverse continent in spirited competition and camaraderie.

Africa

Jun

African-American Music Month: June

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National Black Music Month, or African-American Music Appreciation Month, is an annual celebration in the United States in June. It aims to recognize and honor the contributions of African-American artists, musicians, and composers to the nation's musical heritage and raise awareness and appreciation for the richness and diversity of African-American music. National Black Music Month began with songwriter and producer Kenny Gamble, Ed Wright, and Dyana Williams in 1979. President Jimmy Carter officially recognized and declared it on June 7, 1979. Since then, each President has issued a proclamation reaffirming the significance of African-American music and encouraging citizens to participate in various events and activities. Throughout June, various events, festivals, concerts, workshops, and educational programs are organized across the United States to celebrate the achievements and impact of African-American musicians. The celebration encompasses many musical genres, including gospel, jazz, blues, R&B, hip-hop, and many more. National Black Music Month serves as an opportunity to learn about the history and influence of African-American music and appreciate the talents and contributions of countless African-American musicians who have shaped and enriched the cultural landscape of the United States and the world.

Africa

Jun

Agriculture Day, World: June 11

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World Agriculture Day is a bridge between agriculture and the people. It fosters a sense of identification with agriculture—one of the essential human activities that feed us daily based on intelligent agriculture, science, and knowledge. This event first ran in 2016 and was co-created by Nadine Fougeron.

Africa

Jun

Alan Turing Day (1912): June 23

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Alan Turing was born on June 23, 1912, to Julius Mathison Turing and Ethel Sara in Paddington, England. During the Second World War, he worked for the Government Code and Cypher School (GC&CS), the center for breaking codes in the UK. He cracked the encryption codes required for the German Enigma machine, allowing the Allies to gain momentum in their war campaigns. After the war, he designed ACE ( Automatic Computing Engine), one of the first computers.

Africa

Jun

Alan Turing Week: June 18–23

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Alan Turing (1912-1954) was an English mathematician, logician, computer scientist, and cryptanalyst who made significant contributions to various fields, including theoretical computer science, artificial intelligence, and cryptography. He is often considered the father of computer science and artificial intelligence. Some of Turing's most notable contributions include: Turing Machine: In 1936, Turing introduced the concept of a theoretical computing machine, now known as the Turing Machine. It is a simple, abstract model of computation designed to simulate the logic of any computer algorithm. This groundbreaking idea laid the foundation for the theory of computation and modern computer science. The Universal Turing Machine: Turing also conceived the concept of a Universal Turing Machine, a machine capable of simulating any other Turing Machine. This idea is fundamental to developing the stored-program computer, with data in its memory and the ability to execute commands. The Turing Test: In 1950, Turing proposed a test, now known as the Turing Test, to determine if a machine can exhibit human-like intelligence. If the judge cannot reliably distinguish between the machine and a human, the machine is said to have passed the test, demonstrating human-like intelligence. Codebreaking: Turing broke the encrypted German messages during World War II. He worked at Bletchley Park, the British codebreaking center, where he helped develop the Bombe, a machine that significantly improved the efficiency of breaking the German Enigma cipher. His work shortened the war and saved countless lives. A homosexual, Turing was persecuted, and in 1952, he was convicted of "gross indecency" and subjected to chemical castration as an alternative to imprisonment. Turing died in 1954, aged 41, from cyanide poisoning, believed to be suicide. In 2013, Queen Elizabeth II posthumously granted Turing a royal pardon, acknowledging the profound injustice he had suffered. Today, Turing is remembered as a pioneer and a hero, with his work and legacy continuing to shape computer science and artificial intelligence.

Africa

Jun

Albinism Awareness Day, Intl.: June 13

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International Albinism Awareness Day (IAAD) is observed annually on June 13 to raise awareness about albinism, a genetic condition that affects people worldwide, regardless of ethnicity or gender. The United Nations General Assembly adopted a resolution on December 18, 2014, proclaiming June 13 as International Albinism Awareness Day. The first official celebration of IAAD took place in 2015. Albinism is characterized by a lack of melanin pigment in the hair, skin, and eyes, resulting in little to no coloration. People with albinism often have pale skin, white or light-colored hair, and eye color ranging from pale blue to brown. They may also experience vision problems and are more vulnerable to sunburn and skin cancer due to their lack of pigmentation. The main objectives of International Albinism Awareness Day are: Raise awareness: The day aims to educate the public about albinism, its causes, symptoms, and challenges faced by people living with the condition. By increasing understanding, IAAD hopes to dispel myths and misconceptions surrounding albinism. Advocate for equal rights: People with albinism often face discrimination, social exclusion, and even violence in some parts of the world. IAAD seeks to promote the rights of people with albinism and ensure they have the same opportunities. Support and celebrate: The day is also an opportunity to celebrate the achievements and contributions of people with albinism and to support them in their endeavors. Various organizations, governments, and individuals worldwide participate in International Albinism Awareness Day by organizing events, seminars, workshops, and social media campaigns to spread knowledge about albinism and advocate for the rights of those affected.

Africa

Jun

Albinism Awareness, Intl. Day of (2013): June 13

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EMBRACING UNIQUENESS: INTERNATIONAL ALBINISM AWARENESS DAY International Albinism Awareness Day, observed annually on June 13, is a global movement that aims to raise awareness about albinism and the challenges people with this genetic condition face. By promoting understanding, acceptance, and support for individuals with albinism, the day advocates for their human rights and addresses the social stigma and discrimination they often encounter, making the audience feel part of this larger movement. WHAT IS ALBINISM? Albinism is a genetic condition characterized by a lack of melanin pigment in the skin, hair, and eyes. Melanin is a pigment that gives color to the skin, hair, and eyes and also protects the skin from the harmful effects of UV radiation. This condition results from a gene mutation responsible for melanin production, leading to reduced or absent pigmentation. Albinism is inherited in an autosomal recessive pattern, meaning both parents must carry the gene mutation for a child to be affected. ALBINISM'S IMPACT ON A PERSON'S LIFE Individuals with albinism often face significant health challenges, including vision problems such as nystagmus, photophobia, and reduced visual acuity due to the lack of melanin in the eyes. Their skin, susceptible to ultraviolet radiation, is prone to sunburn and an increased risk of skin cancer. Regular medical care, protective measures such as sunscreen and protective clothing, and adaptive devices like magnifiers and special glasses are essential to manage these health concerns. Socially, people with albinism frequently encounter misunderstanding, prejudice, and discrimination. In some cultures, myths and misconceptions about albinism can lead to social exclusion, verbal abuse, and even physical violence. These experiences can affect mental health, leading to feelings of isolation, low self-esteem, and anxiety. Advocacy and education are crucial in combating these negative perceptions and fostering inclusive communities. TYPES OF ALBINISM There are several types of albinism, with varying degrees of pigmentation and associated health issues. Albinism is categorized into several main types based on the genetic mutations that cause it and its resulting characteristics. The primary categories are Oculocutaneous Albinism (OCA) and Ocular Albinism (OA). OCULOCUTANEOUS ALBINISM (OCA) Oculocutaneous Albinism affects the skin, hair, and eyes. Several subtypes of OCA are caused by mutations in different genes involved in melanin production. The most common subtypes include: OCA1: Caused by mutations in the TYR gene, which encodes the enzyme tyrosinase. This enzyme is crucial for melanin production. OCA1A: Characterized by a complete lack of melanin production, which results in white hair, pale skin, and light-colored eyes. OCA1B: Partial melanin production, leading to light-colored hair, skin, and eyes, which may darken slightly over time. OCA2: Caused by mutations in the OCA2 gene, which encodes a protein involved in melanin synthesis. Individuals typically have light brown to blond hair, pale skin, and light-colored eyes. OCA3: Caused by mutations in the TYRP1 gene, which encodes the enzyme tyrosinase-related protein one. OCA3 is commonly seen in people of African descent, notable by their reddish-brown skin, ginger or red hair, and hazel or brown eyes. OCA4: Caused by mutations in the SLC45A2 gene, which encodes a protein involved in melanin production. Symptoms are similar to those of OCA2, with light-colored skin, hair, and eyes. OCULAR ALBINISM (OA) Ocular Albinism primarily affects the eyes, with minimal or no changes to skin and hair pigmentation. The most common form is: OA1: Caused by mutations in the GPR143 gene, which affects melanin production in the eyes. Individuals have normal skin and hair color but significant vision problems, such as nystagmus (involuntary eye movements), reduced visual acuity, and photophobia (sensitivity to light). ADDITIONAL FORMS OF ALBINISM In addition to OCA and OA, there are other rarer forms of albinism associated with additional health issues: Hermansky-Pudlak Syndrome (HPS) A group of disorders caused by mutations in several genes, characterized by albinism, bleeding disorders, and lung and bowel diseases. Chediak-Higashi Syndrome (CHS) This rare condition is caused by mutations in the LYST gene, leading to albinism, immune system problems, and neurological issues. Understanding the specific type of albinism an individual has can help guide appropriate medical care and support. EVENT HISTORY International Albinism Awareness Day was proclaimed by the United Nations General Assembly on December 18, 2014, through Resolution 69/170. The choice of June 13 honors the first-ever resolution on albinism, which the Human Rights Council adopted on June 13, 2013. The day aims to highlight the challenges faced by people with albinism, promote their rights, and celebrate their contributions to society. HOW TO PARTICIPATE People worldwide participate in International Albinism Awareness Day through various activities designed to educate and inform the public about albinism. Non-governmental organizations, advocacy groups, and healthcare providers often organize awareness campaigns, workshops, and seminars to discuss the condition, debunk myths, and promote understanding. COMMUNITY EVENTS Community events, such as marches, rallies, and public gatherings, are held to show solidarity with individuals with albinism. These events, which often feature speeches by advocates, personal testimonies, and cultural performances, celebrate the diversity and resilience of people with albinism and inspire admiration in the audience. ONLINE INITIATIVES Social media campaigns and online platforms play a significant role in spreading awareness. Hashtags like #AlbinismAwareness and #StandUpForAlbinism help to amplify voices and share stories of individuals with albinism, fostering a global conversation about their rights and challenges. EDUCATIONAL PROGRAMS Educational institutions and organizations conduct programs to teach students and the general public about albinism, its causes, and its impact. These programs aim to foster empathy and inclusion, encouraging supportive attitudes and behaviors towards people with albinism. ADVOCACY EFFORTS Advocacy efforts on this day are crucial in pushing for policies and practices that protect the rights and well-being of individuals with albinism. These efforts, which include advocating for better healthcare access, legal protection against discrimination, and inclusive education systems, empower the audience to make a difference in the lives of people with albinism. International Albinism Awareness Day is a vital platform to promote the rights and dignity of people with albinism, ensuring their voices are heard and their experiences are acknowledged. Individuals and communities contribute to a more inclusive and understanding world by participating in the observance.

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